قواعد اللغة الإنجليزية
Learn English Grammar : regular and Irregular Verbs
Regular Verbs :
base | -s form | past | past participle | -ing form | notes | |||||
call
|
calls
|
called
|
called
|
calling
| ||||||
clean
|
cleans
|
cleaned
|
cleaned
|
cleaning
| ||||||
look
|
looks
|
looked
|
looked
|
looking
|
1
| |||||
talk
|
talks
|
talked
|
talked
|
talking
|
1
| |||||
end
|
ends
|
ended
|
ended
|
ending
|
2
| |||||
wait
|
waits
|
waited
|
waited
|
waiting
|
2
| |||||
kiss
|
kisses
|
kissed
|
kissed
|
kissing
|
3
| |||||
wash
|
washes
|
washed
|
washed
|
washing
|
3
| |||||
live
|
lives
|
lived
|
lived
|
living
|
4
| |||||
love
|
loves
|
loved
|
loved
|
loving
|
4
| |||||
beg
|
begs
|
begged
|
begged
|
begging
|
5
| |||||
sin
|
sins
|
sinned
|
sinned
|
sinning
|
5
| |||||
play
|
plays
|
played
|
played
|
playing
| ||||||
stay
|
stays
|
stayed
|
stayed
|
staying
| ||||||
cry
|
cries
|
cried
|
cried
|
crying
|
6
| |||||
studies
|
studied
|
studied
|
studying
|
6
| ||||||
die
|
dies
|
died
|
died
|
dying
| ||||||
tie
|
ties
|
tied
|
tied
|
tying
|
Notes :
1. Pronunciation differences in past/past participle after /p, s, k, f/ sounds
2. Pronunciation differences in past/past participle after /t, d/ sounds
3. Spelling and pronunciation differences in -s form after /s, sh, ch, z/ sounds
4. Dropping of "silent e" with -ing endings
5. Doubled consonants after "short" vowel sounds
6. Spelling differences when "y" is preceded by a consonant
Irregular Verbs :
base
|
-s form
|
past
|
past participle
|
-ing form
| ||||
cut
|
cuts
|
cut
|
cut
|
cutting
| ||||
fit
|
fits
|
fit
|
fit
|
fitting
| ||||
hit
|
hits
|
hit
|
hit
|
hitting
| ||||
let
|
lets
|
let
|
let
|
letting
| ||||
put
|
puts
|
put
|
put
|
putting
| ||||
quit
|
quits
|
quit
|
quit
|
quitting
| ||||
set
|
sets
|
set
|
set
|
setting
| ||||
shut
|
shuts
|
shut
|
shut
|
shutting
| ||||
split
|
splits
|
split
|
split
|
splitting
| ||||
upset
|
upsets
|
upset
|
upset
|
upsetting
| ||||
burst
|
bursts
|
burst
|
burst
|
bursting
| ||||
cast
|
casts
|
cast
|
cast
|
casting
| ||||
cost
|
costs
|
cost
|
cost
|
costing*
| ||||
hurt
|
hurts
|
hurt
|
hurt
|
hurting
| ||||
spread
|
spreads
|
spread
|
spread
|
spreading
| ||||
knit
|
knits
|
knit/knitted
|
knit/knitted
|
knitting
| ||||
sit
|
sits
|
sat
|
sat
|
sitting
| ||||
spit
|
spits
|
spat/spit
|
spat/spit
|
spitting
| ||||
begin
|
begins
|
began
|
begun
|
beginning
| ||||
swim
|
swims
|
swam
|
swum
|
swimming
| ||||
ring
|
rings
|
rang
|
rung
|
ringing
| ||||
sing
|
sings
|
sang
|
sung
|
singing
| ||||
spring
|
springs
|
sprang
|
sprung
|
springing
| ||||
cling
|
clings
|
clung
|
clung
|
clinging
| ||||
fling
|
flings
|
flung
|
flung
|
flinging
| ||||
sling
|
slings
|
slung
|
slung
|
slinging
| ||||
sting
|
stings
|
stung
|
stung
|
stinging
| ||||
swing
|
swings
|
swung
|
swung
|
swinging
| ||||
wring
|
wrings
|
wrung
|
wrung
|
wringing
| ||||
hang
|
hangs
|
hung/hanged**
|
hung/hanged
|
hanging
| ||||
drink
|
drinks
|
drank
|
drunk
|
sinking
| ||||
shrink
|
shrinks
|
shrank
|
shrunk
|
shrinking
| ||||
stink
|
stinks
|
stank
|
stunk
|
stinking
| ||||
think
|
thinks
|
thought
|
thought
|
thinking
| ||||
bring
|
brings
|
brought
|
brought
|
bringing
| ||||
buy
|
buys
|
bought
|
bought
|
buying
| ||||
seek
|
seeks
|
sought
|
sought
|
seeking
| ||||
fight
|
fights
|
fought
|
fought
|
fighting
| ||||
catch
|
catches
|
caught
|
caught
|
catching
| ||||
teach
|
teaches
|
taught
|
taught
|
teaching
| ||||
creep
|
creeps
|
crept
|
crept
|
creeping
| ||||
keep
|
keeps
|
kept
|
kept
|
keeping
| ||||
sleep
|
sleeps
|
slept
|
slept
|
sleeping
| ||||
sweep
|
sweeps
|
swept
|
swept
|
sweeping
| ||||
weep
|
weeps
|
wept
|
wept
|
weeping
| ||||
bleed
|
bleeds
|
bled
|
bled
|
bleeding
| ||||
breed
|
breeds
|
bred
|
bred
|
breeding
| ||||
feed
|
feeds
|
fed
|
fed
|
feeding
| ||||
flee
|
flees
|
fled
|
fled
|
fleeing
| ||||
lead
|
leads
|
led
|
led
|
leading
| ||||
speed
|
speeds
|
sped/speeded
|
sped/speeded
|
speeding
| ||||
meet
|
meets
|
met
|
met
|
meeting
| ||||
bend
|
bends
|
bent
|
bent
|
bending
| ||||
lend
|
lends
|
lent
|
lent
|
lending
| ||||
send
|
sends
|
sent
|
sent
|
sending
| ||||
spend
|
spends
|
spent
|
spent
|
spending
| ||||
deal
|
deals
|
dealt
|
dealt
|
dealing
| ||||
feel
|
feels
|
felt
|
felt
|
feeling
| ||||
kneel
|
kneels
|
knelt
|
knelt
|
kneeling
| ||||
dream
|
dreams
|
dreamt/dreamed
|
dreamt/dreamed
|
dreaming
| ||||
mean
|
means
|
meant
|
meant
|
meaning
| ||||
spill
|
spills
|
spilt/spilled
|
spilt/spilled
|
spilling
| ||||
build
|
builds
|
built
|
built
|
building
| ||||
burn
|
burns
|
burnt/burned
|
burnt/burned
|
burning
| ||||
hold
|
holds
|
held
|
held
|
holding
| ||||
sell
|
sells
|
sold
|
sold
|
selling
| ||||
tell
|
tells
|
told
|
told
|
telling
| ||||
find
|
finds
|
found
|
found
|
finding
| ||||
grind
|
grinds
|
ground
|
ground
|
grinding
| ||||
wind
|
winds
|
wound
|
wound
|
winding
| ||||
break
|
breaks
|
broke
|
broken
|
breaking
| ||||
choose
|
chooses
|
chose
|
chosen
|
choosing
| ||||
freeze
|
freezes
|
froze
|
frozen
|
freezing
| ||||
speak
|
speaks
|
spoke
|
spoken
|
speaking
| ||||
steal
|
steals
|
stole
|
stolen
|
stealing
| ||||
wake
|
wakes
|
woke
|
woken
|
waking
| ||||
weave
|
weaves
|
wove
|
woven
|
weaving
| ||||
arise
|
arises
|
arose
|
arisen
|
arising
| ||||
drive
|
drives
|
drove
|
driven
|
driving
| ||||
ride
|
rides
|
rode
|
ridden
|
riding
| ||||
rise
|
rises
|
rose
|
risen
|
rising
| ||||
write
|
writes
|
wrote
|
written
|
writing
|